2026 年被业内普遍称为中国固态电池的”量产元年”。比亚迪深圳坪山基地首条硫化物全固态电池中试线于 2026 年 2 月正式投产（规划产能 2GWh），硫化物全固态电池同期通过车规级全项验证；广汽集团 0.5GWh 全固态中试线投产、60Ah 车规级硫化物电芯批量下线；国轩高科首条全固态实验线贯通，良品率达 90%。行业的主流预期是：半固态电池 2026 年率先规模化装车，全固态电池 2027 年起小批量量产。

三条技术路线并行

固态电解质目前形成硫化物、氧化物、聚合物三条路线并行的格局：氧化物路线成熟度最高，是半固态电池的主流选择；硫化物路线离子电导率最高，被视为全固态的终极方向，但材料对水分和氧气极度敏感、固-固界面控制难，工程化要求也最苛刻；聚合物路线则主要适配软包电池场景。已装车的半固态电芯能量密度达到 400Wh/kg，全固态方案普遍瞄准 500Wh/kg 以上。

电解质是价值核心，出货量高速增长

• 研究机构 EVTank 数据：2025 年全球固态电池电解质出货量 0.41 万吨，同比增长 138.5%。
• 预计 2030 年全球固态电解质出货量将达到 22.9 万吨。
• 硫化物电解质上游涉及硫化锂、五硫化二磷等原料，生产需在惰性气氛中进行，高纯化与粒径控制是工艺关键。

对化工供应链意味着什么

电解质及上游高纯原料之外，电极粘结体系、封装密封材料、集流体界面涂层等配套化工品需求也将逐步放量。对供应商而言，纯度管理与批次一致性是切入头部电池厂验证体系的第一道门槛；从原料纯度、包装相容性到 COA 文档体系，越早按电子级标准建设能力，越有机会进入下一代电池供应链。

2026 is widely regarded as the pilot-production milestone year for solid-state batteries in China. BYD’s first sulfide all-solid-state pilot line (2 GWh planned) started production in February 2026 and passed full automotive-grade validation; GAC commissioned a 0.5 GWh pilot line and began batch output of 60 Ah sulfide cells; Gotion’s first all-solid-state pilot line reached a 90% yield. Consensus: semi-solid cells scale into vehicles in 2026, with small-batch all-solid-state production from 2027.

Three routes running in parallel

Oxide electrolytes are the most mature and dominate semi-solid designs; sulfides offer the highest ionic conductivity and are seen as the endgame for all-solid-state, but demand strict moisture/oxygen control and difficult solid-solid interface engineering; polymers mainly suit pouch formats. Semi-solid cells already ship at 400 Wh/kg, and all-solid-state targets exceed 500 Wh/kg.

Electrolytes are the value core

• Global solid electrolyte shipments reached 41,000 t in 2025, up 138.5% YoY (EVTank).
• Shipments are projected to hit 229,000 t by 2030.
• Sulfide upstream inputs such as lithium sulfide and phosphorus pentasulfide require inert-atmosphere handling; high purification and particle-size control are critical.

What it means for the chemical supply chain

Beyond electrolytes and their high-purity inputs, demand will rise for binder systems, sealing materials and current-collector interface coatings. Purity management and batch consistency are the entry ticket into battery makers’ validation systems – building electronic-grade capabilities early is the way into the next-generation battery supply chain.